Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine: A Complete Guide to How It Works and What It Can Help

Acupuncture and Chinese medicine for natural health and wellness

Acupuncture and Chinese medicine offer a whole-person approach to health that has developed over thousands of years and continues to be used alongside modern healthcare today.

Yet it is still frequently misunderstood.

Some people imagine acupuncture as nothing more than placing needles where something hurts. Others believe Chinese medicine is based entirely upon mysterious concepts that have no relevance to modern health.

Both views miss the depth of the system.

Acupuncture is one component of a much larger medical tradition that attempts to understand patterns within the whole person.

How Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine Work

Acupuncture involves inserting extremely thin needles into carefully selected locations on the body.

These locations are commonly called acupuncture points.

Traditional Chinese medicine describes networks of pathways, often referred to as meridians or channels, through which Qi is said to circulate.

Modern researchers have investigated acupuncture through additional frameworks involving the nervous system, connective tissue, local biochemical responses and pain modulation.

The traditional and modern explanations use very different languages, but both attempt to understand how stimulation at one location can influence the body’s response.

Does Acupuncture Hurt?

Acupuncture needles are dramatically thinner than the needles most people associate with injections or blood draws.

Many people experience little discomfort during insertion.

Other sensations can include heaviness, warmth, tingling, pressure or a dull ache around an acupuncture point.

Treatment should not feel like an endurance test.

Communication between practitioner and patient matters.

What Can Acupuncture Help?

Acupuncture has been researched for numerous conditions, with some of the strongest evidence relating to certain pain conditions and nausea.

People also seek acupuncture for headaches, musculoskeletal complaints, stress related symptoms, sleep difficulties and many other concerns.

The strength of scientific evidence differs considerably depending upon the condition.

That distinction is important.

Acupuncture should not be portrayed as a treatment capable of curing everything.

It is a therapeutic tool, and like every therapeutic tool, its usefulness depends upon the situation.

Acupuncture and Pain

Pain is one of the most common reasons people seek acupuncture.

Modern research has explored acupuncture’s effects on pain processing, endogenous pain modulating mechanisms and other physiological responses.

Traditional Chinese medicine approaches pain through pattern differentiation.

Location, quality, duration and aggravating or relieving factors can all influence point selection.

Two people with “back pain” may therefore receive completely different treatments.

What Is Chinese Medicine?

Chinese medicine extends far beyond acupuncture.

Depending upon the practitioner and jurisdiction, treatment may incorporate:

Acupuncture.

Chinese herbal medicine.

Cupping.

Moxibustion.

Dietary principles.

Acupressure.

Movement practices such as Tai Chi and Qigong.

Lifestyle recommendations.

These methods are traditionally viewed as different ways of influencing patterns within the body.

Understanding Qi

Few concepts create more confusion than Qi.

It is often translated simply as “energy,” but that translation can be misleading because Qi has been used in traditional Chinese thought in several different contexts.

Rather than imagining a mysterious glowing substance traveling through the body, it can be more useful for a modern beginner to understand Qi as part of the traditional language used to describe function, activity and relationships within the living body.

You do not need to accept a supernatural explanation to appreciate acupuncture or study Chinese medicine.

Yin and Yang

Yin and Yang are another foundational concept.

They represent complementary relationships rather than two substances.

Rest and activity.

Cooling and warming.

Interior and exterior.

Night and day.

One only makes sense in relationship to the other.

Health, from this traditional perspective, involves appropriate balance and adaptability rather than maintaining one fixed state.

What Are Meridians?

Traditional acupuncture describes channels or meridians connecting different regions and functions of the body.

Acupuncture points are located along these pathways.

Modern anatomy does not contain physical tubes corresponding neatly to every traditional meridian.

Researchers have therefore investigated whether acupuncture effects may instead involve interactions among nerves, connective tissue, blood flow and other physiological mechanisms.

Research continues.

Chinese Herbal Medicine

Herbal medicine is another major component of Chinese medicine.

Rather than simply prescribing one herb for one disease, traditional formulas frequently contain multiple herbs organized according to a therapeutic strategy.

The formula may then be modified according to the individual’s presentation.

This is another example of Chinese medicine’s emphasis on patterns rather than symptoms alone.

For a deeper introduction to medicinal plants, preparation, traditional use, research and safety, visit my complete Herbal Medicine Guide.

The Importance of Pattern Differentiation

Imagine three people complaining of headaches.

One person’s headaches occur after intense stress.

Another experiences headaches with digestive symptoms.

A third experiences headaches associated with poor sleep and exhaustion.

Western medicine may appropriately investigate all three for possible causes.

Chinese medicine asks an additional question:

Are these actually the same internal pattern?

That question can lead to different acupuncture points, herbs and lifestyle recommendations for people carrying the same conventional symptom label.

Acupuncture and the Nervous System

One of the most interesting areas of modern acupuncture research involves the nervous system.

Needling creates sensory input.

That input can influence local tissues and neural signaling, and researchers continue investigating how acupuncture may affect pain processing and other regulatory systems.

This provides a useful bridge between ancient clinical observations and modern physiological investigation.

How Many Acupuncture Treatments Are Needed?

There is no universal number.

An acute problem may respond differently from something that has existed for years.

Age, general health, severity, diagnosis and response to treatment all matter.

Anyone promising that every condition will resolve after a predetermined number of treatments is oversimplifying clinical reality.

Treatment should be reassessed according to response.

Is Acupuncture Safe?

When performed by an appropriately trained practitioner using sterile, single use needles, acupuncture is generally considered a relatively safe procedure.

Minor bruising, soreness or temporary discomfort can occur.

Serious complications are uncommon but possible, which is one reason practitioner training and proper technique matter.

Patients should tell their practitioner about medical conditions, pregnancy, medications, bleeding disorders, implanted devices and other relevant health information.

Traditional Medicine Meets Modern Health

There is no requirement to choose between ancient wisdom and modern science.

They can ask different questions.

Traditional Chinese medicine provides a sophisticated historical framework for examining patterns and relationships within the body.

Modern science provides increasingly powerful methods for testing mechanisms, effectiveness and safety.

Where the two intersect, fascinating possibilities emerge.

Where they disagree, investigation should continue.

The goal should never be defending a medical philosophy simply because it is old or rejecting it simply because it is unfamiliar.

The goal is better health.

After decades of practicing acupuncture and studying natural medicine, one principle continues to stand out:

Treat the person, not merely the symptom.

That idea may be ancient.

Its relevance is timeless.

Dr. David Orman
Acupuncture Physician | Master Herbalist | Wellness Mentor

Natural Pain Relief: A Whole Body Approach to Reducing Pain Naturally

Natural pain relief through movement and holistic wellness

Natural pain relief starts with understanding that pain is not always an isolated problem, but a signal influenced by inflammation, movement, stress, sleep, nutrition and the nervous system.. Yet when pain persists, simply trying to silence the signal may not address the underlying reason it continues. Natural pain relief takes a broader approach by asking a different question: What can be done to help the body function, recover and regulate itself more effectively?

As an Acupuncture Physician who has spent decades working with people experiencing pain, I believe the most effective natural approach is rarely a single technique. Pain can involve muscles, joints, connective tissue, inflammation, circulation, sleep, stress and the nervous system. Addressing several of these factors together can often be far more useful than focusing on the painful location alone.

Acupuncture for Natural Pain Relief

Acupuncture has been used for centuries as part of Chinese medicine. Modern research has also investigated acupuncture for numerous pain conditions, including certain types of back pain, neck pain, osteoarthritis and headaches.

Rather than viewing every painful condition identically, Chinese medicine traditionally looks for patterns. Two people with similar symptoms may therefore receive very different acupuncture treatments.

Acupuncture may also be combined with techniques such as acupressure, gentle movement, heat, stretching and appropriate lifestyle changes.

Acupuncture can be one part of a broader approach to discomfort and recovery. Learn more about the principles and traditional framework in my Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine Guide.

Learn more about how acupuncture fits within the larger traditional system in my Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine Guide.

Movement Is Often Medicine

When something hurts, the instinct is often to stop moving it completely. Rest can certainly be appropriate with an acute injury, but prolonged inactivity can sometimes contribute to stiffness, weakness and reduced confidence in movement.

Gentle, appropriate movement helps maintain mobility and circulation while allowing the nervous system to experience movement without excessive threat.

Walking, Tai Chi, Qigong, mobility exercises and carefully selected strengthening exercises can all have a place depending upon the individual.

The goal isn’t to attack pain.

The goal is to gradually create an environment in which the body can function better.

How Natural Pain Relief Works

Pain does not exist separately from the nervous system.

Poor sleep can increase pain sensitivity. Chronic psychological stress can increase muscle tension and alter how the nervous system processes uncomfortable sensations. Pain can then interfere with sleep and increase stress, creating a cycle that becomes increasingly difficult to escape.

This is why natural pain management should also consider sleep quality, breathing, stress management and recovery.

Sleep is an often overlooked part of sustainable weight management. My Natural Sleep Solutions guide explains how to create better conditions for restorative sleep.

Something as simple as several minutes of slow breathing combined with gentle movement can sometimes be a useful addition to a larger pain management strategy.

Because stress and sleep are so closely connected, my Natural Sleep Solutions guide explores additional ways to support healthier sleep and recovery.

When an overactive stress response is interfering with sleep, my guide to Natural Stress and Anxiety Relief provides additional strategies for calming the nervous system.

Food and Inflammation

Nutrition also deserves attention.

A diet centered around minimally processed foods, adequate protein, vegetables, fruits, healthy fats and sufficient micronutrients provides the raw materials the body needs for normal repair and function.

No single “anti inflammatory” food is going to magically eliminate chronic pain. The overall dietary pattern matters far more.

Herbal Medicine and Pain

Traditional herbal systems contain many plants historically used for discomfort and inflammatory conditions. Examples include turmeric, ginger and boswellia, while Chinese herbal medicine contains considerably more complex formulas selected according to an individual’s pattern.

Natural does not automatically mean harmless. Herbs can interact with medications and may be inappropriate with certain medical conditions. Herbal medicine should therefore be used intelligently rather than simply adding supplements because they are advertised as natural painkillers.

The Natural Pain Relief Strategy

My preferred approach is simple:

Improve movement.

Improve recovery.

Reduce unnecessary physical and psychological stress.

Support healthy nutrition.

Use therapies such as acupuncture and herbal medicine when appropriate.

And most importantly, determine why the body is hurting rather than automatically trying to suppress every symptom.

Persistent or severe pain, unexplained pain, neurological symptoms, significant weakness, fever, trauma or other concerning symptoms warrant appropriate medical evaluation.

Pain is a signal. Listen to it, understand it and then give the body the conditions it needs to move toward better function.

Dr. David Orman
Acupuncture Physician | Master Herbalist | Wellness Mentor

When the Shen is Lost: A Natural Health View on Rejoicing in Violence

Violence

In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), celebrating or enjoying the death of another due to political difference reflects a deep imbalance of the Heart and Shen (spirit). The Heart is said to house the Shen, governing compassion, clarity, and our ability to connect with humanity. When the Shen is disturbed—by excessive anger, fear, or hatred—it becomes clouded. Instead of perceiving others as fellow beings, the mind projects division and hostility. To take joy in another’s suffering is a sign that the Shen has become unstable, no longer rooted in harmony, but instead consumed by fire and agitation.

Violence and the Liver

This state often arises when the Liver Qi is stagnant or blazing upward. The Liver in TCM regulates the smooth flow of emotions, particularly anger. When constrained by resentment, rigid beliefs, or external stressors, the Qi of the Liver grows hot and forceful. This heat rises and disturbs the Heart, creating agitation, intolerance, and an inability to see others with compassion. In such a person, anger and judgment replace empathy, and violence or the celebration of violence becomes an outlet for their inner turmoil.

The Kidneys and essence (Jing) also play a role. When fear depletes Kidney energy, individuals may cling desperately to identity, tribe, or ideology for a sense of safety. This fear-driven depletion can harden into intolerance, where the other side is seen as dangerous or unworthy of life. The weakened Kidney essence no longer nourishes the Heart and Brain, leaving the Shen ungrounded and vulnerable to extremes of thought and feeling.

Ultimately, from a TCM perspective, to revel in the death of another is not natural; it is a manifestation of disharmony among the organ systems and a disturbed Shen. It reflects blocked Liver Qi, overactive Heart fire, and deficient Kidney essence, creating a condition where balance, compassion, and wisdom are lost. Healing would not come from political victory but from restoring internal harmony—calming the Heart, smoothing the Liver Qi, and strengthening the Kidneys—so that the Shen may again shine clearly and see all life as interconnected.

PART 2: From a Western Psychological View

Dry Needling: An Old “Ashi” Technique Disguised as Something New

Dry Needling

Dry needling is often presented in modern physiotherapy circles as a “breakthrough,” unique science-based intervention for muscle pain and dysfunction. Marketed as distinct from acupuncture, it uses acupuncture needles to target trigger points in muscle tissue, claiming to deactivate tension, restore mobility, and accelerate recovery. The language is purely Western. Rooted in anatomy, neurology, and biomechanics it gives an air of novelty for practitioners and patients who have never studied Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) or other styles of genuine acupuncture. Yet, behind the branding and rewording, the core technique is not new at all. It is essentially a repackaging of an ancient method that has been practiced for centuries in the East and decades in the West.

In Acupuncture, there exists a concept known as Ashi points. These are tender spots on the body that are not mapped as fixed meridian points but are identified by palpation in which the patient often responds with noted reaction when the spot is pressed. For hundreds, if not thousands, of years, Acupuncteure practitioners have needled directly into these points to relieve pain, improve circulation, and restore function. This method has been an integral part of traditional acupuncture practice and is recognized as one of the most effective approaches for treating musculoskeletal pain. What dry needling calls “trigger point therapy” or “neuromuscular reset” is, in function, a direct mirror of Ashi point needling. If it were a written work, it would be considered plagerism.

The marketing separation between dry needling and acupuncture exists largely for regulatory, professional, and commercial reasons. By avoiding the terminology of meridians, Qi, and traditional theory, dry needling positions itself as a modern, evidence-based alternative that physical therapists, chiropractors, and other non-acupuncturists can adopt without undergoing rigorous years of formal acupuncture training. This strategic rebranding creates a perceived innovation, allowing practitioners to bill differently, market to a different demographic, and sidestep the cultural associations some patients may have with acupuncture.

It is less about a genuine new discovery and more about reframing an old, proven method in contemporary language.

At its core, dry needling is not a revolutionary therapy, but rather a selective borrowing from TCM’s Ashi point technique with a Westernized story wrapped around it. The same stainless steel needles are used. The same process of palpating for tenderness, inserting the needle, and eliciting a therapeutic response is followed. Only the training, which is inadequate compared to Acupuncturists, is different.

And the explanation and marketing differs. By recognizing dry needling for what it truly is — a rebranded slice of traditional acupuncture stripped of its philosophical framework — we can see through the gimmick and appreciate the origins of the method. The real innovation lies not in the technique itself, but in the marketing that has successfully convinced many that it is something entirely new.

Ramulus Cinnamomi: The Great Digestive Warmer

Ramulus Cinnamomi

Ramulus Cinnamomi, known in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as Gui Zhi, is the tender twig of the cinnamon tree. While many are familiar with cinnamon bark for its culinary uses, the twig itself holds a special place in classical herbal formulas. Harvested when the branches are young and pliable, Ramulus Cinnamomi is considered warm, sweet, and pungent in nature—making it a versatile remedy for a range of internal cold patterns and stagnation issues. In TCM, it is frequently used to release the exterior and promote the flow of Yang energy, especially in cases where the body struggles to circulate warmth.

Ramulus Cinnamomi Function

One of Gui Zhi’s primary functions is to disperse cold and improve circulation. In clinical use, it is often included in formulas to relieve chills, mild fevers, and body aches associated with wind-cold invasion. It excels at guiding the body’s natural warmth outward, unblocking the superficial layers so that pathogenic influences can be vented through the skin. Gui Zhi is also known for its ability to harmonize the relationship between Ying (nutritive) and Wei (defensive) Qi—making it especially useful for conditions where this balance is disrupted, such as spontaneous sweating or alternating hot and cold sensations.

Beyond its effects on the immune and circulatory systems, Ramulus Cinnamomi also warms the channels and is used to treat joint and menstrual pain caused by cold obstruction. In formulas targeting arthritic pain, cramps, or cold-related stiffness, Gui Zhi helps warm and open the meridians, restoring fluid movement and relieving discomfort. This function also makes it a favorite for treating cold-type dysmenorrhea, where warmth and improved flow are essential. Often combined with herbs like Bai Shao (White Peony) or Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger), Gui Zhi works gently yet powerfully to bring heat to cold, stagnant areas.

In terms of emotional and energetic use, Gui Zhi is often used by Taoist and classical practitioners to soften inner rigidity and promote emotional fluidity. As a plant that brings warmth and movement, it is seen as a metaphor for the gentle activation of blocked energy within the spirit. When used skillfully, Ramulus Cinnamomi not only treats physical cold, but also acts as a botanical ally to help the body and heart regain flow, warmth, and harmony. Whether used in decoction, powder, or classical formulation, Gui Zhi remains a cornerstone of elegant herbal medicine.

Why Am I Always Cold

Cold

If you’re constantly feeling cold, even in moderate temperatures, it can be a perplexing and uncomfortable experience. While it’s easy to blame external factors, such as the weather or clothing choices, underlying health issues may be at play. Natural health and wellness practices suggest a variety of reasons why some people feel perpetually cold, ranging from poor circulation to imbalances in vital energy. One common theory in natural medicine is that inadequate circulation prevents warmth from reaching extremities. This condition, often tied to weak blood flow, can be helped by herbs like ginger and cayenne pepper, which are known to stimulate circulation and increase warmth. Incorporating these herbs into your diet, either in teas or meals, may promote better blood flow and reduce feelings of chilliness.

Another theory is the concept of “Qi” (vital energy) from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)/Natural Medicine. According to TCM, a deficiency of “Yang” energy can make the body feel cold, as Yang is associated with warmth and activity. People with Yang deficiency may experience fatigue, sluggishness, and persistent coldness, especially in the hands and feet. Natural treatments in TCM for Yang deficiency often include warming herbs like cinnamon and dried ginger, as well as dietary adjustments to increase heat in the body, such as consuming more soups and warming root vegetables like sweet potatoes and carrots. Acupuncture and acupressure are also used in TCM to restore balance to the body’s energy and improve circulation, offering relief from the cold sensations.

From a more holistic perspective, constant coldness can be a sign of nutritional deficiencies. In particular, a lack of iron or Vitamin B12 may result in poor circulation and a drop in body temperature regulation. Natural remedies focus on enhancing these nutrients through food sources like leafy greens, legumes, and animal products such as liver and eggs, as well as supplements. For those dealing with persistent cold hands and feet, naturopathic practitioners often recommend a combination of dietary changes, herbal teas, and even regular exercise to increase blood flow and support overall warmth.

In summary, feeling cold constantly might stem from a combination of circulatory, energetic, and nutritional imbalances. While these natural remedies are helpful, it’s essential to consult with a health practitioner to pinpoint the exact cause of your coldness and tailor the treatment to your unique needs. Whether through herbal solutions, acupuncture, or dietary changes, there are plenty of ways to warm up your body from the inside out, naturally.